A client presents for a scheduled Papanicolaou (Pap) smear. The clinician who will interpret the smear will examine cell samples for evidence of:
A) Changes in cell shape, size, and organization
B) The presence of unexpected cell types
C) Ischemic changes in cell samples
D) Abnormally high numbers of cells in a specified field
Ans: A
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A Pap smear is an example of a diagnostic procedure that tests for the presence of cell dysplasia, that is, deranged cell growth of a specific tissue that results in cells that vary in size, shape, and organization. Unexpected cell types are evidence of metaplasia, whereas ischemic changes are associated with cell hypertrophy. Increases in the number of cells are characterized as hyperplasia.
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