When a 2-week-old infant is seen for irritability, poor appetite, and rapid head growth with observable distended scalp veins, the nurse recognizes these signs as indicative of
a. Hydrocephalus
b. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
c. Cerebral palsy
d. Reye's syndrome
A
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A The combination of signs is strongly suggestive of hydrocephalus.
B SIADH would not manifest in this way. The child would have decreased
urination, hypertension, weight gain, fluid retention, hyponatremia, and
increased urine specific gravity.
C The manifestations of cerebral palsy vary but may include persistence of
primitive reflexes, delayed gross motor development, and lack of progression
through developmental milestones.
D Reye's syndrome is associated with an antecedent viral infection with symptoms
of malaise, nausea, and vomiting. Progressive neurologic deterioration occurs.
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