Explain how the composition and distribution of codons among living organisms provide evidence for evolution from
a common ancestor. What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: With a few exceptions, the same codons are used for the same amino acids in viruses and all
living organisms, including bacteria, algae, fungi, and multicellular plants and animals. The
nearly universal nature of the genetic code means that the code was established early in the
evolution of life on this planet and provides strong evidence that all living things evolved
from a common ancestor.
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A patient in his forties is diagnosed with Huntington disease. The patient's mother is healthy and a genetic evaluation shows 25 and 26 CAG repeats within her HTT alleles
The patient's father died at age 24 when the patient was 2 and no genetic evaluation can be done. It is most likely that: A. the father was heterozygous for the defective HTT allele. B. the father was homozygous for the defective HTT allele. C. the mother is a carrier for the defective HTT allele. D. the HTT gene acquired additional CAG repeats during the 40 years of the patient's life.
Four of the five answers listed below are parts of the same sense organ. Select the exception
a. fovea b. retina c. vitreous body d. ampulla e. iris
Which of the following is a member of the domain bacteria?
a. euglena b. methanogens c. halophiles d. cyanobacteria e. giardia
If a frog egg cell is placed into a hypotonic solution, it will
A) shrivel via osmosis. B) shrivel via facilitated diffusion. C) swell via osmosis. D) swell via facilitated diffusion. E) shrivel via active transport.