It is important for the clinician to recognize that a patent ductus arteriosus, which directs the fetal bloodstream from pulmonary artery to aorta, does not close until:
A. Day 4 after birth
B. 1 week after birth
C. 2 weeks after birth
D. 1 month after birth
ANS: A
In newborns, innocent murmurs are common and are usually systolic, grade I or II, and are not associated with other symptoms. The transition period from fetal to maternal conditions may take 48 hours. Patent ductus arteriosus is a fetal vascular connection that directs blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta. It typically closes by day 4 following birth. However, if it remains patent, the direction of blood flow is reversed through the ductus, owing to the higher pressure in the aorta. Clinical findings in a newborn with a still-patent ductus arteriosus include diaphoresis (especially during feedings) and poor feedings with easy tiring that may result in failure to thrive.
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