Cytokines that send regulatory signals between cells of the immune system are __________
A. interferon
B. interleukins
C. monokines
D. tumor necrosis factors
B
You might also like to view...
A patient who opens the eyes to painful stimuli, makes incomprehensible sounds, and withdraws from pain has a Glasgow Coma Scale score of ____________________
Fill in the blank with the appropriate word.
Fred, a fit and healthy 44-year-old, was working outside one warm summer afternoon. When he returned home by the end of the day, his lower back felt sore and he felt nauseated. His wife made him dinner, but he was not hungry and chose to go to bed instead
Fred's symptoms progressed, and soon he was rolling on the bed with excruciating pain. He said his back hurt as well as his stomach and groin area. The pain would ease off only to return a short while later, and when it did, Fred would begin to sweat and run to the bathroom to vomit. His wife became concerned and started the car. When his symptoms abated, she helped him into the car and rushed him to the hospital. At the hospital, an abdominal radiograph showed the presence of renal calculi in Fred's right ureter (urolithiasis). What is the mechanism of stone formation in the kidney? What is the role of citrate in the kidneys? Why would the administration of calcium supplements be useful for a patient with calcium oxalate stones? Hydronephrosis can be a complication of renal calculi. What is hydronephrosis? How does back pressure occur in a kidney, and what physiological mechanism is responsible for nephron damage when back pressure is present?
While palpating the nail bed of an African American patient, the nurse notes that the nails have linear bands along the nail edge. How would the nurse evaluate this finding?
1. It likely indicates a nutritional deficiency. 2. This is a common finding in dark-skinned individuals. 3. Additional areas should be assessed for cyanosis. 4. The patient has a fungal infection of the nail bed.
Which of the following are appropriate communicable disease prevention interventions that may be implemented by community health nurses? Select all that apply
A) Immunization of children and adults B) Disease investigation and case/contact finding C) Diagnosing cases of communicable diseases D) Prescribing treatment for communicable diseases E) Environmental interventions F) Community Education