How does carbon move through the carbon cycle?
A) Carbon flows one way from volcanoes to plants to consumers and then to the atmosphere.
B) Carbon is recycled among plants, animals, water, soil, and the atmosphere.
C) Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) is the only carbon-containing compound involved in the carbon cycle.
D) Exhaled carbon dioxide becomes trapped in the atmosphere, adding to the greenhouse effect.
B
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Why do some biologists use the name Craniata instead of the name Vertebrata?
A. Hagfish have a bony cranium but no vertebrae. B. Hagfish are too different from Cephalochordates to be included in that group. C. Hagfish are not represented by very many species, so cannot be given their own taxonomic grouping. D. Hagfish are understudied, so can only be grouped with other taxa based on their lack of characters.
Which of the following statements about the bacterial ribosome is nottrue?
A. The 70S ribosome is a complex of 50S and 30S subunits. B. The entire protein component of the 30S subunit is a single polypeptide chain. C. Each ribosomal subunit contains at least one RNA molecule. D. An rRNA molecule, rather than protein, catalyzes peptidebond formation.
All known members of which fungal phylum form mutualistic associations with plant roots?
a. Glomeromycota b. Basidiomycota c. Chytridiomycota d. Zygomycota e. Ascomycota
One mechanism by which viruses may cause cancer is to interrupt the genetic regulatory sequences of repressor proteins. Which of the following types of viruses is most likely to be involved in causing cancer by this mechanism?
A) +ssRNA viruses B) dsRNA viruses C) -ssRNA viruses D) retroviruses E) both +ssRNA and -ssRNA viruses