Motivation theorists refer to external rewards that people seek to obtain as
A. drives.
B. reinforcers.
C. stimulants.
D. incentives.
Answer: D
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Alice's three children are driving her crazy. They are constantly squabbling, calling one another names, and generally tormenting one another. To preserve what's left of her sanity, Alice has decided to try to convince the youngsters to get along. She promises them that she will take them to a funny movie if they will work together to clean their playroom in under thirty minutes. Which of the preconditions for reducing conflict does this illustrate?
A. one-on-one interactions between in-group and out-group members and an informal setting B. the reduction of frustration and a common goal C. a neutral setting and role differentiation D. interdependence and a common goal
The gating action proposed in the gate-control theory of pain apparently relies on:
a. small fibers that inhibit nervous system activity and close the pain gates b. large fibers that inhibit nervous system activity and open the pain gates c. large fibers that produce nervous system activity and close the pain gates d. the release of serotonin that inhibits nervous system activity and closes the pain gates
Most therapists today _______
a. adhere to the psychoanalytic approach b. adhere to the behavioral approach c. adhere to the humanistic approach d. do not adhere strictly to one approach
Which of the following is a difference between primary and secondary circular reactions?
A. Primary circular reactions involve only reflexes, while secondary circular reactions involve only thoughts. B. Primary circular reactions involve complex actions, while secondary circular reactions involve simple actions. C. Primary circular reactions focus on an infant's own body, while secondary circular reactions focus on the environment. D. Primary circular reactions involve voluntary actions, while secondary circular reactions involve involuntary actions.