A nursing student's current clinical placement has been a source of stress due to high client acuity combined with interpersonal conflict with some of the unit staff
At the same time, the student has been fighting a cold for more than 2 weeks and has been unable to regain a normal feeling of health. How might these two phenomena be related?
A) Epinephrine and norepinephrine inhibit the release and action of lymphocytes.
B) Stress and illness lack a statistical correlation, though they are often thought to coexist.
C) The effects of stress on the cerebellum initiate a decrease in immunity.
D) Endocrine–immune interactions may suppress the student's immune response.
Ans: D
Feedback:
Although the exact mechanisms of the effects of stress on immunity are not completely understood, it is generally thought that endocrine–immune interactions suppress immunity. The most significant arguments for interaction between the neuroendocrine and immune systems derive from evidence that the immune and neuroendocrine systems share common signal pathways (i.e., messenger molecules and receptors), that hormones and neuropeptides can alter the function of immune cells, and that the immune system and its mediators can modulate neuroendocrine function. Stress has the capacity to either enhance or suppress immune function. Epinephrine and norepinephrine do not directly inhibit lymphocytes; the cerebellum is not centrally involved in the stress response.
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