Historically, what was considered a cardinal sign to diagnose drug or alcohol dependence?
A. An auto accident correlated with using substances while driving
B. Continuing drug/alcohol use against the expressed wishes of the family
C. Expulsion from school or job because of inability to function appropriately
D. Tolerance and presence of withdrawal symptoms
ANS: D
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A client has identified a need to improve his nutrition. What will be the best way to develop goals and interventions to address this client's identified need?
a. The nurse should decide the goals and interventions then explain them to the client. b. The client should decide the goals then collaborate with the nurse to determine interventions. c. The goals and interventions should be decided with the nurse and client together, but must be approved by the physician. d. The goals and interventions should be based on the nurse's priorities.
The nurse is caring for a client with a permanent brain injury. What does the nurse understand about the link between this condition and cognitive pathophysiology? Select all that apply.
A) Inflammation has an immediate effect on numerous neurotransmitters, leading to brain injury and cognitive dysfunction. B) Trauma is a common cause of schizophrenia and learning disabilities. C) Alzheimer disease is often a result of a traumatic brain injury leading to volume loss in key memory structures. D) Oxygen deprivation can lead to brain injury resulting in cognitive dysfunction. E) Brain function depends on a simple metabolic process which, when interrupted, results in permanent brain injury.
The nurse is reinforcing teaching with the caregivers of a child who has had a cast on the arm removed after the cast has been in place for six weeks. Which statement indicates that teaching has been effective?
A) "As soon as we get home I will scrub his arm really well to remove the loose skin." B) "He loves to play outside now that the weather is nice; I will have to remind him to use sunscreen." C) "We will be careful to not let him put his little sister's baby oil on his arm for a few weeks." D) "I usually let him take a tub bath, but we will keep him out of warm water for a couple of days."
The nurse is caring for new parents. During her education session, the nurse instructs the parents on a newborn's sleep patterns. Newborns
A) Have shorter periods of REM sleep B) Are inactive when awake C) Will nap two times per day D) Sleep 16 to 17 hours per day