The last part of Chapter 12 noted that researchers such as Kahneman and Tversky are pessimistic about our decision-making skills, whereas researchers such as Gigerenzer are more optimistic. The optimists emphasize that
a. the pessimists focused too much on real-life examples; in the laboratory, people are actually quite accurate.
b. the major decision-making heuristics are actually highly accurate, and they almost always lead us to correct decisions, contrary to the theories advanced by the pessimists.
c. the pessimists underestimate our decision-making accuracy because of factors such as choosing questions that contradict people's schemas.
d. the pessimists have typically sampled groups of people living in the community; in contrast, college students make statistically appropriate decisions.
Ans: c
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When we enter a situation with some expectation of what may happen, we use a network of accumulated knowledge known as
a. cognitive schemas. b. expectancy effects. c. perspective taking. d. arbitrary inference.
Sam recently lost his grandmother. Now Sam feels sad whenever he smells the perfume his beloved grandmother used to wear. In this example, the loss of his grandmother is the ____
a. ?US b. ?CS c. ?UR d. ?CR
Impartiality refers to fair and equal treatment for all, without discrimination or bias.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
In the case of cognitive experience, the important point is that fields of brain activity ____ sensory data and give that data characteristics it otherwise would not possess.?
a. ?create b. ?synthesize c. ?transform d. ?destroy