In New York State, the winter months produce higher heating bills and higher levels of depression. Although the numbers show that higher heating bills are related to higher levels of depression, what is the most likely explanation for this relationship?
a. cause and effect
b. the directionality problem
c. the third-variable problem
d. the extraneous variable problem
c
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Which of the following descriptions serves as the best metaphor for the parallel distributed processing approach?
a. a drawer with three compartments b. a computer that uses a serial approach. c. a net with many interconnections d. a safe that can be opened by only one combination code
One strength of the trait approach to personality is that it
A. predicts behavior in many situations. B. is not necessary to job counselors to do their work. C. does not rely on intuition but instead on objective measures. D. explains the development of personality traits.
To cope with the stress over a looming exam, you must do all of the following EXCEPT
a. realize that you feel unprepared for the exam. b. identify effective strategies to study for the test. c. implement the strategies in a timely manner. d. take the test. e. reschedule the test at a later time.
According to transitional models, if crises do occur they generally are the result of:
a. gradual biological aging b. gradual cognitive changes that come with age c. unexpected, traumatic events d. turning 40