What are the limitations to using reference standards of growth in children with CP? What are factors to consider when interpreting growth data in this patient population?
What will be an ideal response?
• Weight/height reference standard limitations: Due to the altered growth patterns typically seen in CP patients, comparing them with the WHO and CDC growth charts is not a great representation of their relative growth. Additionally, the specialized growth charts available for CP patients based upon the GMFCS was constructed from a small sample size and, due to the heterogeneity within this population, does not adequately provide a standard for how these children should grow.
• Interpretation of BMI percentiles should be used cautiously in this population due to reduced lean body mass growth (bone mineral mass and skeletal muscle) in comparison to some CP patient's potential to accumulate body fat.
• Instead of relying primarily on percentiles to interpret growth, identifying any deviations from the patient's typical growth patterns or a decrease in growth velocity may be a more effective way to determine poor growth.
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Anurradha is trying to walk regularly to improve her fitness level and control her weight. Which metabolic pathways will she most likely use while walking?
a. Citric acid cycle, ?-oxidation, and the electron transport chain b. Glycolysis and ATP-CP c. Electron transport chain and glycolysis d. Citric acid cycle, glycolysis, and ATP-CP
What term defines the condition of infant tooth deterioration resulting from chronic exposure to carbohydrate-rich fluids from a bottle?
a. Juice bottle erosion b. Suckling enamelosis c. Formula-induced gingivitis d. Nursing bottle tooth decay
Which of the following is a common outcome from a moderate decrease in calories and regular exercise?
A) Weight loss B) Fat loss C) Gain of muscle mass D) Increase in physical fitness levels E) All of the above
Why is food allergy testing not done in infancy?
a. The tests are not safe for infants. b. No reactions will occur in infants. c. Infants' immune systems aren't fully developed. d. Infants cannot have allergies.