A patient asks the healthcare professional why tissue damage occurs in acute rejection after organ transplantation. What response by the professional is best?
a. Th1 cells release cytokines that activate infiltrating macrophages, and cytotoxic T cells directly attack the endothelial cells of the transplanted tissue.
b. Circulating immune complexes are deposited in the endothelial cells of transplanted tissue, where the complement cascade lyses tissue.
c. Receptors on natural killer cells recognize antigens on the cell surface of transplanted tissue, which releases lysosomal enzymes that destroy tissue.
d. Antibodies coat the surface of transplanted tissue to which mast cells bind and liberate preformed chemical mediators that destroy tissue.
Ans: a. Th1 cells release cytokines that activate infiltrating macrophages, and cytotoxic T cells directly attack the endothelial cells of the transplanted tissue.
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A pediatric nurse palpates a 2-year-old child's liver at 4 cm below the right costal margin. Which actions by the nurse are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
A. Assess work of breathing. B. Auscultate lung sounds. C. Calculate child's intake and output. D. Determine last bowel movement. E. Listen for heart murmur.
The nurse is asking a client to describe his current health status. Which statement is true regarding health?
a. The absence of disease indicates the client is healthy. b. Health is a global term referring to every aspect of a person's life. c. Health exists independently of culture. d. The health of an individual is defined by the caregiver.
A client suffered what seems to be a moderate electrical burn from contact with household electricity. However, the physician wants to admit the client for monitoring. When questioned about this decision, the best answer by the nurse is
a. "I am not sure but I can find out for you." b. "It is our protocol that all electrical burns get admitted." c. "With household current, there is great risk of cardiac rhythm problems." d. "You need to be watched for fractures that can occur under normal use."
A client who has just been diagnosed with a slowly progressive terminal illness asks the nurse about the availability of hospice services. What information should the nurse share with this client?
A) Hospice services are generally reserved for those who have a life expectancy of 6 months or less. B) When clients are designated as terminally ill, they are automatically assigned to hospice care. C) Provision of hospice services is reserved for those who refuse other palliative treatments. D) Only those clients with private insurance can receive hospice benefits.