Which one of the following is NOT an effect of transformation?
a) Transformed cells tend to be irregularly shaped.
b) Cells lose their ability to divide.
c) Cells tend to exhibit chromosomal abnormalities.
d) Tumor-specific transplantation antigens appear on the cell surface.
Ans: b) Cells lose their ability to divide.
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As oxygen appeared in the atmosphere, ________ also accumulated, which formed a protective barrier that protects the Earth from ________
A) ozone / UV radiation B) elemental sulfur / volcanism C) ferrous iron / hydroxylating radicals D) sulfate / hydrogen sulfide
What is the primary reason that fungi are important in the carbon cycle?
A. Fungi are able to reach incredibly large sizes, storing carbon while they are alive, and contributing carbon back to the atmosphere when they die and decompose. B. Fungi are able to reach incredibly large sizes. Their high ratio of surface area to volume allows them to decompose large amounts of dead/decaying material, thereby returning carbon to the atmosphere. C. Fungi are able to reach incredibly large sizes. They have a high ratio of surface area to volume and are able to fix more carbon through photosynthesis than other plants of comparable size. D. Fungi are able to reach incredibly large sizes. Their high ratio of surface area to volume allows them to store more carbon (in the form of sugar) obtained through mycorrhizal associations than their symbiotic hosts.
The ability of DNA polymerase to repair its own nucleotide mismatches is called ____________________
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Before a pathogen can be destroyed in the antibody-mediated process, a T helper cell must recognize
an __________ on the surface of a macrophage. a. antigen-MHC complex b. antibody c. interleukin d. HLA group e. antigen