The school nurse is talking with a high school class about sexual transmission of HIV. Which of the following would the nurse advise the students?
A) "Oral-penile intercourse carries the highest risk of transmission."
B) "Penile-vaginal and penile-anal intercourse most efficiently transmit the virus."
C) "HIV-infected females cannot transmit HIV to their partners."
D) "Kissing can transmit HIV."
B) "Penile-vaginal and penile-anal intercourse most efficiently transmit the virus."
Explanation: A) The primary mode of transmission worldwide is through sexual contact. The most efficient sexual transmission modes are penile-anal intercourse and penile-vaginal intercourse.
B) The primary mode of transmission worldwide is through sexual contact. The most efficient sexual transmission modes are penile-anal intercourse and penile-vaginal intercourse.
C) Viral transmission from infected females to their partners is less efficient than transmission from males, most likely owing to the lower concentration of infectious virus particles in cervicovaginal secretions than in seminal fluid; however, this mode of transmission can occur.
D) HIV is transmitted through exchange of body fluids. It has been isolated from most bodily fluids, including blood, semen, cervicovaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, tears, and breast milk. However, HIV is not known to be transmitted by way of tears or saliva.
You might also like to view...
What would cause the most damage to the self-concept of an older adult who lives in a long-term care facility?
a. Being perceived as a single group rather than an individual b. Having individual needs that are not met c. Losing many personal belongings d. Losing social contact
Heat loss occurs with which of the following?
a. vasodilation c. piloerection b. vasoconstriction d. muscle shivering
The parents of an infant with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) ask the nurse about the advisability of the side-lying or supine position for prevention of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) for their infant. The nurse's best response would be:
a. "Yes, prevention of SIDS is extremely important and the side-lying or supine position is currently recommended." b. "Currently the prone or head-elevated prone position is recommended for GER, and with the elimination of puffy bedding from the crib you can decrease chances of SIDS." c. "The side-lying or supine position will work just fine as long as you elevate the head of the bed so that the infant is sleeping nearly sitting up." d. "SIDS is something you cannot really protect against for certain, so get some baby monitors and let your baby seek whatever position is most comfortable."
The nurse identifies a patient in the critical care unit as having "resiliency." What characteristic has the nurse identified in the patient?
1. Motivation to reduce anxiety through positive self-talk 2. Ability to bounce back quickly after an insult 3. Physical strength to endure extreme physical stressors 4. Ability to return to a state of equilibrium