Which of these problems in the trachea are associated with cigarette smoking?
A. Ciliated epithelium is replaced by squamous epithelium.
B. Mucus and debris accumulate in the trachea.
C. Respiratory infections are likely because of accumulated mucus.
D. Irritation and inflammation stimulate the cough reflex.
E. All of these events occur in smokers.
Ans: E. All of these events occur in smokers.
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