Adult candidates for pressure-support ventilation include patients with which of the following? 1. Nasotracheal tube 2. Minute ventilation <10 L 3. Spontaneous tidal volume <100 mL 4. Spontaneous respiratory rate >20 breaths/min
a. 1 and 2 c. 2, 3, and 4
b. 1 and 4 d. 1, 3, and 4
ANS: D
Patients who have nasotracheal tubes usually have tubes that are smaller than they would be if they were intubated orally. This increases the resistance through the artificial airway, making pressure support necessary when the patient is breathing spontaneously. Patients with small spontaneous tidal volumes can be assisted with pressure support to increase their tidal volumes. The pressure-support ventilation level can be adjusted to attain the desired tidal volume based on the patient's ideal body weight. Patients with high respiratory rates can also benefit from pres-sure-support ventilation. Titrating the pressure support level to the patient's respiratory rate and tidal volume provides the appropriate assistance to overcome the airway and artificial tubing re-sistance and improve the patient's work of breathing.
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