_______ is defined by Professors Peter Bachrach and Morton S. Baratz as "a means by which demands for change in the existing allocation of benefits and privileges in the community can be suffocated before they are even voiced; or kept covert; or killed before they gain access to the relevant decision-making arena; or failing all these things, maimed or destroyed in the decision-implementing stage
of the policy process."
a. Problem creation
b. Policy formulation
c. Agenda-setting
d. Nondecision-making
d
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Beginning with the 2010 election, corporations were free to run ads directly advocating a candidate’s election for the first time since 1907 when Congress first banned using general corporate funds in federal election campaigns. This occurred based on which 2010 U.S. Supreme Court decision?
A. Federal Election Commission v. McCain B. Feingold v. McConnell C. Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission D. BCRA v. Fox News E. FEC v. Americans United Trust
Which of the following do realists suggest about the national interests of states?
a. States have little choice in defining their national interests because of the international system. b. Democracies have very different national interests than do authoritarian or communist regimes. c. National interests depend in large part on personalities of individual leaders. d. National interests differ dramatically, depending on the internal culture of a state. e. National interests are typically dictated by the capitalist class.
Why do many alcohol researchers insist that the participants stay in the lab for an extended period?
A) Any participant who is still intoxicated will have a higher risk of accident or injury. B) Some of the most interesting effects of alcohol occur during the period when the person has stopped drinking. C) Most studies of alcohol response require several hours to complete. D) All of the above
Since rule changes adopted in 1996, under the presidency of Bill Clinton, the number of TANF recipients in Texas has been
a. substantially reduced. b. slightly reduced. c. maintained at a fairly constant level. d. slightly increased. e. substantially increased.