Which of the following is a MAJOR trade-off in life histories?
a. number of reproductive events for number of offspring per reproductive event
b. growth for reproduction
c. size of offspring for number of reproductive events
Ans: b. growth for reproduction
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Natural selection involves energetic trade-offs between _____
A) choosing how many offspring to produce over the course of a lifetime and how long to live B) producing large numbers of gametes when employing internal fertilization versus fewer numbers of gametes when employing external fertilization C) the emigration of individuals when they are no longer reproductively capable or committing suicide D) increasing the number of individuals produced during each reproductive episode and a corresponding decrease in parental care E) high survival rates of offspring and the cost of parental care
Despite advances in microscopy during the late 1800s and early 1900s, experiments using bacteria as test subjects required careful precautions to prevent contamination that would have invalidated results. What advantage did bacteria have over other, larger organisms that could be used as test subjects, such as mice and pea plants?
a. Larger organisms used as test subjects are more susceptible to injury and disease. b. Bacteria do not require specialized equipment to be stored and transported like other test subjects. c. Bacteria reproduce rapidly, allowing experiments to be conducted and repeated more often. d. Unlike mice and pea plants, bacteria can be frozen for display without cellular damage.
The loudness of sound is measured in
a. millihertz. b. decibels. c. megahertz. d. watts. e. gigahertz.
The E. coli that normally live in the human large intestines and produce vitamin K that the body uses would be best termed a ________ relationship.
A. saprobic B. parasitic C. commensal D. mutualistic