Identify several criteria that are used to distinguish abnormal from normal behavior, and give an example of each.

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

The textbook goes into lengthy discussion of three different criteria, or the "three Ds" of abnormality.(1) Deviance refers to behaviors, thoughts, or feelings that differ significantly from what is considered usual or expected in society. It can be thought of as being "rare' or "unusual," and reflects a statistical definition of abnormality. Of note, however is the fact that something can be statistically unusual without indicating psychopathology.(2) Distress is a subjective state of discomfort or personal suffering. This is a tricky criterion because not everyone who experiences distress is abnormal or mentally ill, and not everyone who is suffering from a mental illness suffers from distress. As an example, those with antisocial personality disorder often do not see any problem with their behaviors, even though they have a very negative impact on those around them.(3) Dysfunction involves an interruption of one's ability to function in important areas of his/her life. Once again, when this occurs, it might indicate abnormality or psychopathology but this cannot stand alone as its own indication of such situations.