How does intravenous infusion of a glucose and insulin solution reduce serum potassium levels?
A. The glucose stimulates an osmotic diarrhea, which results in an actual loss of total body potassium.
B. The insulin activates membrane-bound sodium-potassium pumps, which results in a relative decrease in serum potassium.
C. Each glucose molecule substitutes one potassium ion for one carbon atom, re-sulting in a relative decrease in serum potassium.
D. Insulin stimulates the release of aldosterone, increasing renal excretion of potas-sium and resulting in an actual loss of total body potassium.
B
Insulin activity is widespread. One effect is to increase the action of the sodium-potassium pumps on excitable membranes. This pump moves extracellular potassium into the cells and intracellular sodium out to the extracellular fluid. The overall effect on the plasma is a decrease in the plasma potassium level and a slight increase in the plasma sodium level.
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