Narrowing of the mitral valve (mitral stenosis) results in which of the following?
a. Increased afterload on left ventricle
b. Increased preload on right ventricle
c. Increased pulmonary congestion
d. Systemic hypertension
ANS: C
Stenosis is a pathologic narrowing or constriction of a valve outlet, which causes increased pres-sure in the affected chamber and vessels. Both conditions affect cardiac performance. For exam-ple, in mitral stenosis, high pressures in the left atrium back up into the pulmonary circulation. This can cause pulmonary edema.
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