The nurse educator is preparing an in-service for new RNs hired on a general pediatric unit regarding normal fluid and electrolyte status for children at various ages
Which statements will the educator include about normal fluid and electrolyte status of an infant?
1. The infant has 75% total body water.
2. The extracellular fluid accounts for 25% of total body water in the infant.
3. A high metabolic rate requires generous fluid intake for the infant.
4. The infant's kidneys are mature and able to conserve water and electrolytes.
5. The infant's high body surface area promotes fluid loss.
Correct Answer: 2,3,5
Rationale: The nurse educator would include the following statements in the in-service: the extracellular fluid accounts for 25% of total body water in the infant; a high metabolic rate requires generous fluid intake for the infant; and the infant's high body surface area promotes fluid loss. All of these statements are true and accurate. The newborn, not the infant, has 75% total body water. All clients under the age of two years have immature kidney and are unable to conserve water and electrolytes.
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