Since Charles was young, he has believed that Canadians are arrogant, smug people. He only has to find out that a person is from Canada and he draws the conclusion that that person is arrogant and smug. Charles is displaying:
a. discrimination
b. prejudice
c. group polarization
d. deindividuation
B
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Bauer and McKinley elementary schools are involved in a canned food drive to see which school donates the most cans to a local homeless shelter. Alan, a student at Bauer elementary, says, "All the kids at McKinley elementary are just donating so they can win the contest. We're donating to help feed the homeless!" Alan's comment demonstrates ____
a. ?cognitive dissonance b. ?unrealistic optimism c. ?actor-observer effect d. ?the ultimate attribution error
Ethologists emphasize ____ among individuals' development, while behavioral learning theorists emphasize ____
a. quickened speed; accuracy b. variations; consistencies c. experiential effects; biological maturation d. similarities; differences
Which item is a primary reinforcer?
a. ?money b. ?sex c. ?grades d. ?tokens
If a researcher found, in a correlational study, that an increase in one factor resulted in an increase of the same magnitude in another factor, the correlation, or r, would be
a. -1.0 c. 0.5 b. 0.0 d. +1.0