How did innovations, global partnerships, and differing ideologies change the way war was seen after World War I?

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Answers will vary but correct responses should include: The fighting during World War I was a forge of technological innovation. Infantry and cavalry facing one another in serried ranks changed to mechanized conflict. In the opening campaign, Parisian taxis took thousands of troops to the front—the first time the internal combustion engine transported an army. The consequences were fateful, for the development of gasoline-driven motors turned competition for oil into a major cause of war for the rest of the twentieth century and into the twenty-first. Cavalry virtually disappeared as an offensive arm. Defense of trenches stimulated the use of barbed wire. In 1916, the British introduced tanks to squash wire, override earthquakes, and defy small arms fire. Both sides experimented, largely unsuccessfully, with poison gas. Aerial warfare revolutionized reconnaissance and opened two hitherto unsuspected new dimensions of war: dominating the battlefield and lines of communication over unprecedentedly long range by means of aerial artillery—planes equipped with guns and bombs—and threatening the enemy's home population and industrial bases by means of long-range bombing, mainly, at first, from inflatable airships but increasingly from rigid-winged aircraft. Aircraft carriers came into play in the later stages of the war. Submarines became a major influence: German U-boats sank over 5,000 ships in all. New partnerships of formally competing imperialists changed the global landscape. Three of the world's most powerful, resourceful, and predatory states—the United States, Britain, and France—became partners in a connected effort. The rest of the world faced a source of cultural influence of peculiar force. Twelve new sovereign, or virtually sovereign, states emerged in Europe or on its borders. Colonial unrest caused new problems for imperialist powers. From 1917 onwards, the ascent of extremist parties to the ranks of contenders, at least, for control of most of the world´s great powers and major states created mounting expectations that in future international conflict would reflect ideological divisions rather than the national and imperial rivalries typical of the previous hundred years.