Which of the following statements is true regarding the Haldane effect?
a. At high SaO2 levels, carbon dioxide more readily forms carbamino compounds.
b. At high SaO2 levels, the capacity of blood to hold carbon dioxide decreases.
c. At high SaO2 levels, the capacity of blood to hold carbon dioxide increases.
d. At low SaO2 levels, the capacity of blood to hold carbon dioxide decreases.
ANS: B
At point "a," the high SaO2 decreases the blood's capacity to hold carbon dioxide, thus helping unload this gas at the lungs.
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A 30-year-old woman has been sexually assaulted. She is crying, and appears withdrawn and frightened. Which of the following strategies would be appropriate to use when caring for this patient?
A) Give the patient clear direction by telling her where to sit and what to do. B) Calm the patient by explaining to her that she will be OK, and that many women recover quickly from sexual assault. C) Allow the patient to control all aspects of the interaction, such as where she rides in the ambulance and what care is provided. D) Talk to the patient in a low and quiet voice, using simple words, so as not to frighten her.
To produce an adequate blood level to yield the desired therapeutic effect, some drugs require:
A) a loading dose B) a maintenance dose C) a prophylactic dose D) a therapeutic dose
A metered dose inhaler of salmeterol delivers which of the following?
a. 131 mcg/puff b. 90 mcg/puff c. 65 mcg/puff d. 25 mcg/puff
Which of the following ventilator control systems are considered closed loop? 1. Orientation based 2. Servo 3. Adaptive 4. Optimal
a. 1 and 3 only b. 1, 2, and 3 only c. 3 and 4 only d. 2, 3, and 4 only