What word below is used to describe extracellular messenger molecules that bind to receptors at the extracellular surface of the responding cell?

a) bindand
b) receptand
c) ligand
d) binder


Ans: c) ligand

Biology & Microbiology

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Plant viruses enter the host plant via

A. wound sites. B. specific receptors. C. nonspecific receptors. D. seeds.

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In the figure, what was the dependent variable?


A. the presence or absence of the pathogen Phytophthora
B. the percent of the leaf area damaged
C. the percent of the leaf area containing endophytes
D. the age of the leaf
E. the presence or absence of endophyte spores

Biology & Microbiology

Molecules capable of absorbing lots of light are ________.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Biology & Microbiology

To what phylum do honeybees belong?

A. Arthropoda B. Sporozoa C. Chordata D. Annelida

Biology & Microbiology