How does oncogene activation cause normal cells to transform into cancer cells?
a. By inhibiting the ability of suppressor gene products to regulate apoptosis
b. By increasing the amount of cyclins present so that cells keep entering the cell cycle and dividing
c. By preventing the immune system from recognizing and eliminating cells that are no longer totally normal
d. By reducing the amount of glucose and other nutrients that reach normal cells, resulting in the starvation and death of normal cells
B
Oncogene activation is the main mechanism of carcinogenesis regardless of the specific cause. These genes, when activated, produce proteins (cyclins) that promote cell division. This excessive cell growth causes cells to change from normal cells to cancer cells.
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