During a health assessment, a male client voices concern that he is at risk for breast cancer. The nurse is aware that further evaluation of the client's history should focus on predisposing factors that increase the chance for breast cancer in males. The interview should include questions related to which of the following factors? Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Previous history of taking testosterone
2. The client's mother having a history of breast cancer
3. History of cirrhosis of the liver
4. History of kidney disease
5. History of radiation treatment for lung cancer
2,3,5
Rationale 1: Previous history of taking testosterone. Previously taking testosterone does not increase the risk of male breast cancer. Estrogen therapy in males does increase the risk for male breast cancer.
Rationale 2: The client's mother having a history of breast cancer. A family history of breast cancer in primary female relatives, such as a mother, does increase the risk for male breast cancer.
Rationale 3: History of cirrhosis of the liver. Cirrhosis of the liver has been found to increase the risk for male breast cancer.
Rationale 4: History of kidney disease. A history of kidney disease is not a predisposing factor for male breast cancer.
Rationale 5: History of radiation treatment for lung cancer. Radiation exposure, such as radiation therapy for lung cancer, increases the risk for male breast cancer.
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