Reinforcement theories of drug use and abuse focus:
A. entirely on positive reinforcement
B. entirely on negative reinforcement
C. on both positive and negative reinforcement
D. neither on positive nor on negative reinforcement
E. none of the above
C. on both positive and negative reinforcement
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The purpose of the first standardized intelligence test was to:
A. measure IQ scores to determine genius-level abilities in children. B. identify children who were at risk of falling behind in school. C. create separate classrooms for high- and low-intelligence children. D. compare people of different racial and ethnic backgrounds.
Troy is trying to study, and his sister is in the next room, playing with some balloons. She counts "one, two, three," and just as she says "three" she pops one of the balloons with a pin. Each time a balloon pops Troy is startled and jumps. By the time his sister has popped six balloons Troy begins to cringe when he hears the counting start, before he actually hears the balloon pop. In this
example of classical conditioning, the cringing that Troy experiences when he hears his sister start counting is: a. a conditioned response b. an unconditioned stimulus c. an unconditioned response d. a conditioned stimulus
Aversive treatments are prescribed to
A. cause the abused substances to taste bitter. B. make ingesting the abused substances extremely unpleasant. C. make people allergic to the abused substances. D. increase the pleasurable feelings that are associated with alcohol.
What brain processes might be influenced by stress and cause workers to act immorally?
A. Memory B. Perception C. Communication D. Rationality