Skinner recognized an important difference between Pavlov's and Thorndike's
procedures, namely, that in Pavlov's procedure
a. the eliciting stimulus can be anything.
b. the behavior that can be brought under environmental control is limited to those responses
that can already be elicited by other stimuli.
c. the eliciting stimulus strengthens any and all behaviors that precede it but none that follow
it.
d. it doesn't really matter whether the eliciting stimulus precedes or follows the response,
since the effect is always to strengthen it.
e. once the eliciting stimulus is selected, the choice is then whether it will be used to
strengthen or weaken the behavior that it follows.
b. the behavior that can be brought under environmental control is limited to those
responses that can already be elicited by other stimuli.
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What broad definition of stress has been offered by scientists?
a. a subtype of mental disorder that emphasizes physiological symptoms b. a challenging event that requires behavioral, cognitive, and physiological adaptation c. a set of specific symptoms that are associated with increased risk for mental disorders d. an evolutionary development that has enabled humans to adapt to rapid technological changes
A researcher is using a chi-square test to determine whether people have any preferences among three brands of televisions. The null hypothesis for this test would state that ______
a. there are real preferences in the population b. one-third of the sample prefers each brand c. one-third of the population prefers each brand d. in the population, one brand is preferred over the other two
Similar to depressed patients, bipolar patients may benefit from a change in their ____
a. work schedule b. roommates c. sleep schedule d. exercise routine
The following statement is a definition of which of the following: "Individuals with traits that fit well with the local environment are more likely to survive or have more offspring than individuals whose traits do not fit as well with the local environment"?
a. superfecundity c. variation b. natural selection d. plasticity