What are antigenic shifts?

A. Sudden, significant changes to a major antigen of a pathogen that make the pathogen easier for the immune system to recognize.
B. When a pathogen moves the antigens around on its surface to disguise itself from the immune system.
C. Gradual changes over time to a major antigen of a pathogen that occur through mutation.
D. Sudden, significant changes to a major antigen of a pathogen that usually occur through reassortment and can cause a pandemic.


Ans: D. Sudden, significant changes to a major antigen of a pathogen that usually occur through reassortment and can cause a pandemic.

Biology & Microbiology

You might also like to view...

The concept of orthogenesis proposed evolution was goal oriented

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

Biology & Microbiology

What is the correct equation for the Hardy-Weinberg principle?

a. p2 + 2pq2 + q2 + q2 = 100 b. p2 + 2p + 2q + q2 = 1 c. p2 ? 2pq + q2 = 1 d. 2p2 + 2pq + 2q2 = 1000 e. p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

Biology & Microbiology

During the formation of a blood clot, conversion of prothrombin into the enzyme thrombin requires

A) mitochondria. B) transport of proteins from platelets. C) calcium ions. D) leukocytes. E) albumin.

Biology & Microbiology

Of the items listed, which is the smallest that you can see with the unaided eye?

A) Frog embryo B) Ribosomes C) DNA molecule D) Human skin cell E) Virus

Biology & Microbiology