The last 30 years have seen a dramatic shift in the conditions of indigenous peoples in Latin America, where the push by indigenous peoples for self-identification has emphasized all of the following EXCEPT
A. their cultural distinctiveness.
B. limited self-government.
C. political reforms involving a restructuring of the state.
D. an implicit call for excluding strangers.
E. sustainable development and political representation.
Answer: D
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How does a big man increase his status?
A. Big men are village heads who are trying to turn their achieved status into something more permanent; the standard way of doing this is through conspicuous symbolic displays of wealth. B. The term big man refers to the liminal state a Kapauku youth enters before marriage; he accumulates wealth as a way of funding the wedding and paying the bride price. C. Big men are typically war leaders, and as such must have a standing supply of "grievance gifts" to compensate the families of warriors who die under their command. D. The primary means of becoming a big man is the wearing of a tonowi shell necklace, which is imported from the coast and is therefore quite expensive by Kapauku standards. E. Big men do not keep the wealth they accumulate; instead, they redistribute it to create and maintain alliances with political supporters.
The Minoan civilization on Crete lasted from
A. 2500 to 2000 B.C. B. 1800 to 1100 B.C. C. 2000 to 1450 B.C. D. 1100 to 800 B.C.
An emic approach to the study of culture is one that emphasizes:
a. The description of a culture from the point of view of a member of the culture. b. The comparison of similar parts of different cultures. c. The study of the ecological adaptation of a culture. d. Ethnocentrism and cultural relativism. e. The search for general laws or principles that can be applied to all human cultures.
The way people hold their bodies often communicates information about all of the following EXCEPT:
a. emotional states. b. submissiveness or dominance. c. sexual intentions. d. bilingualism. e. relaxation and intimacy.