The duplicated chromosome is composed of two sister chromatids held together at a
What will be an ideal response?
centromere
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In the electron transport chain, why do electrons flow in one direction from NADH to O2 rather than the reverse direction, or randomly?
A. Electrons flow from NADH to O2 because NADH has the most negative reduction potential and O2 the most positive with electron carriers in between, each becoming more positive to direct the electron flow. B. Electrons flow from NADH to O2 using ATP as a source of energy to drive the flow against their gradient from most negative reduction potential to most positive. C. Electrons flow from NADH to O2 because the change in free energy directs the electron flow from the molecule with the most positive reduction potential to the one with the most negative. D. Electrons flow from NADH to O2 because NADH has the most positive reduction potential and O2 the most negative with electron carriers in between, each becoming more negative to direct the electron flow.
Robert, an aspiring scientist in a biology class, wanted to conduct a study on the effects of cigarette smoke on the web-building ability of spiders. Which of the following statements is an incorrect use of terms pertaining to the scientific method?
a. Robert made the observation that spiders weave webs. b. Robert wanted to see if his theory was true that cigarette smoke will influence web-building in spiders. c. Robert concluded that there was no significant difference in the ability to weave a web under conditions of cigarette smoke compared to spiders that were not exposed. d. Robert examined the webs from both the control group and the test group and they were recorded in a table. e. As a control, Robert had a group of spiders that were never exposed to cigarette smoke.
When a goose spots an egg outside of its nest, the goose gets out of the nest and rolls the egg back. Once started, a goose continues the egg-retrieval movement all the way back to the nest, even if the egg is taken away during the process. This is called:
a) step-wise reproductive collaboration. b) repeated pattern fixation. c) a fixed action pattern. d) prepared learning. e) supernormal stimulus.
In regards to mRNA stability, what is the effect of decapping enzymes?
A) The m7G cap of mRNAs is stabilized allowing mRNAs to be protected at the 5' end. B) The splicing of mRNAs is blocked, which destabilizes mRNAs. C) The polyadenylation of mRNAs is stabilized allowing mRNAs to be protected at the 3' end. D) The m7G cap of mRNAs is removed causing mRNAs to be degraded from the 5' end. E) The polyadenylation of mRNAs is removed and mRNAs are degraded from the 3' end.