Briefly define transformation and describe the relationship between the phenomenon of transformation and the discovery that DNA is the genetic material in bacteria
What will be an ideal response?
Transformation is the process whereby one organism is genetically altered by exposure to DNA from another organism. Since DNA can carry heritable "traits" from one organism to another, it must be the genetic material.
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The cycads, a mostly tropical phylum of gymnosperms, evolved about 300 million years ago and were dominant forms during the Age of the Dinosaurs. Though their sperm are flagellated, their ovules are pollinated by beetles. These beetles get nutrition (they eat pollen) and shelter from the microsporophylls. Upon visiting megasporophylls, the beetles transfer pollen to the exposed ovules. In cycads, pollen cones and seed cones are borne on different plants. Cycads synthesize neurotoxins, especially in the seeds, that are effective against most animals, including humans. Which feature of cycads distinguishes them from most other gymnosperms? 1. They have exposed ovules. 2. They have flagellated sperm. 3. They are pollinated by animals. A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 3 only D) 2 and 3 E) 1, 2, and 3
In principle, gene expression can be controlled at any of the steps between a gene and its ultimate functional product. For the majority of genes, however, the __________ is the most important point of control. Because this control point can ensure that no unnecessary intermediates are synthesized.
A) Replication. B) Transcription C) Translation. D) PCR.
DNA microarrays may be paired with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to
A. assay the use of substrates by different enzymes. B. determine mRNA folding patterns C. identify DNA sequences bound by specific proteins D. identify protein-protein interactions.
All the precursors of amino acids are intermediates of glycolytic and fermentation pathways.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)