Which findings would the nurse expect to assess in a history from a patient with moderate (Gold 2) COPD?
A) Not aware of respiratory symptoms, cough and sputum may be present
B) Dyspnea on exertion, chronic cough, and sputum production
C) Shortness of breath (SOB), reduced exercise capacity, fatigue, and exacerbations
D) Chronic respiratory failure
B) Dyspnea on exertion, chronic cough, and sputum production
Explanation: A) In the mild stage (GOLD 1), symptoms of chronic cough and sputum production may be present but are not always present. At this stage, the individual may not be aware that lung function is abnormal. In moderate (GOLD 2) COPD, the individual typically has SOB developing on exertion, and cough and sputum production are sometimes also present. This is the stage at which patients typically seek medical care because of chronic respiratory symptoms or an exacerbation of their disease. In severe (GOLD 3) COPD, the individual experiences greater SOB, reduced exercise capacity, fatigue, and repeated exacerbations that almost always have an impact on the individual's quality of life. In very severe (GOLD 4) COPD, the individual has chronic respiratory failure.
B) In the mild stage (GOLD 1), symptoms of chronic cough and sputum production may be present but are not always present. At this stage, the individual may not be aware that lung function is abnormal. In moderate (GOLD 2) COPD, the individual typically has SOB developing on exertion, and cough and sputum production are sometimes also present. This is the stage at which patients typically seek medical care because of chronic respiratory symptoms or an exacerbation of their disease. In severe (GOLD 3) COPD, the individual experiences greater SOB, reduced exercise capacity, fatigue, and repeated exacerbations that almost always have an impact on the individual's quality of life. In very severe (GOLD 4) COPD, the individual has chronic respiratory failure.
C) In the mild stage (GOLD 1), symptoms of chronic cough and sputum production may be present but are not always present. At this stage, the individual may not be aware that lung function is abnormal. In moderate (GOLD 2) COPD, the individual typically has SOB developing on exertion, and cough and sputum production are sometimes also present. This is the stage at which patients typically seek medical care because of chronic respiratory symptoms or an exacerbation of their disease. In severe (GOLD 3) COPD, the individual experiences greater SOB, reduced exercise capacity, fatigue, and repeated exacerbations that almost always have an impact on the individual's quality of life. In very severe (GOLD 4) COPD, the individual has chronic respiratory failure.
D) In the mild stage (GOLD 1), symptoms of chronic cough and sputum production may be present but are not always present. At this stage, the individual may not be aware that lung function is abnormal. In moderate (GOLD 2) COPD, the individual typically has SOB developing on exertion, and cough and sputum production are sometimes also present. This is the stage at which patients typically seek medical care because of chronic respiratory symptoms or an exacerbation of their disease. In severe (GOLD 3) COPD, the individual experiences greater SOB, reduced exercise capacity, fatigue, and repeated exacerbations that almost always have an impact on the individual's quality of life. In very severe (GOLD 4) COPD, the individual has chronic respiratory failure.
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