Which of the following best describes the etiology of AIDS?
A) It first appeared in the chimpanzee population in Africa and was first recognized as a human disease in 1981. In humans, it is transmitted by blood, blood products, and body fluids.
B) It was discovered in the 1990s and is transmitted by sexual intercourse in humans.
C) It is actually HIV and is transmitted only by oral contact and sexual intercourse in humans.
D) It was first discovered in 1882 in Europe and was brought to the Americas via prostitutes. It is transmitted only by sexual intercourse in humans.
Ans: A
Extensive research has led to the discovery of the virus that is believed to cause AIDS. Beginning as a benign simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) found in the African chimpanzee population, AIDS evolved into a human killer in the early 1930s, long before it was recognized as a disease in 1981. The virus was originally named HTLV-III (human T-cell lymphotropic virus), then renamed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV is carried in the blood, blood products, and body fluids such as semen. It is primarily transmitted through intimate sexual contact or the sharing of needles by IV drug users.
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