Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)

1. Animals are monophyletic.
2. The terms "dorsal" and "oral" are synonyms.
3. A pseudocoelom is a cavity that develops embryonically into the coelom.
4. Gastrulation is the development of the gastrula into an embryo.
5. A hydrostatic skeleton has no bones or cartilage.


1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. FALSE
4. FALSE
5. TRUE

Biology & Microbiology

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Coagulase-positive S. aureus is often involved in disease

Indicate whether this statement is TRUE or FALSE.

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High levels of the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis were found in a local pond. What do you predict will be the consequence of this fungus?

A. Vegetation levels will decline drastically. B. Since this is a major pollutant in sewage wastewater, an investigation into the source of the fungus must be undertaken. C. Lichen populations will increase around the pond. D. Frog populations will decline. E. Humans in the surrounding area will be vulnerable to pneumonia.

Biology & Microbiology

What is a major obstacle in defining "life?"

a. The process of inheritance occurs for both living and nonliving things. b. Living and nonliving things follow the same taxonomic classification system. c. Living and nonliving things consist of the same basic components. d. The concept of life is too intangible to be addressed by experimental research. e. The smallest unit of life has not been discovered as of yet.

Biology & Microbiology

Structures of the skeletal system include all of the following except:

A) bone. B) nails. C) ligaments. D) cartilage.

Biology & Microbiology