What do we know about the causes of infertility?
What will be an ideal response?
The causes of infertility may be related to either the male or the female or both. The most common cause of infertility in women is pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) caused by sexually transmitted infection, while in men it is infections in the reproductive system caused by sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Other factors include blockage of the fallopian tubes and "hostile mucus" in women, and low sperm count and low sperm motility in men may also contribute to infertility. Less common causes include poor nutrition, eating disorders, exposure to toxic chemicals, smoking, and use of alcohol, narcotics, and barbiturates. The latter few causes are common to both men and women. Weight may also be a factor as obesity in men is associated with abnormalities of the sperm and the rate of an ovulation in women increases as the body mass index (BMI) at age 18 increases. Age is also a factor for both men and women.
In some situations, a combination of factors in both the man and the woman causes the infertility. One such factor is an immunologic response wherein, for example, a woman may have an allergic reaction to the man's sperm or her immune system may react to the fetus or placenta.
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