Which statement accurately describes the conclusions psychologists have drawn about the effects of subliminal messages on behavior?
a. Subliminal messages have no effect whatsoever.
b. Research shows subliminal messages might have mild effects on behavior and thinking.
c. Research shows that subliminal ads are powerful.
d. Psychologists have not yet conducted studies to form an answer.
Answer: B
Rationale: One study showed that flashing the word thirsty on the screen resulted in increased fluid intake.
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Which of the following is not a reasonable criticism of the Stanford University prison study?
a. All of the participants were younger than 30 years old. b. Lack of random assignment made it possible that the individuals assigned to be guards were generally moresadistic c. Participants were not real prisoners and guards, so their behavior may not be representative. d. Some of the participants endured pain and suffering, making the study ethically questionable.
Which statement about somatic symptom disorder is accurate?
a. It is a form of dissociative disorder that is typically associated with poor outcomes. b. It is rarely associated with anxiety, depression, or other psychiatric disorders. c. It is relatively rare, having a prevalence of only up to 7% of the population. d. It is more prevalent among educated individuals than among uneducated ones.
What are some of the concerns or difficulties in diagnosing a child with bipolar disorder?
What will be an ideal response?
Since accidents, such as gunshot wounds, or natural events, such as disasters, can provide psychological data, case studies, such as these, may sometimes be thought of as
a. field experiments. b. meta-analyses. c. natural clinical tests. d. naturalistic observations.