What are the possible consequences of chronic, poorly controlled asthma resulting from inflammatory processes?
A. Failure of bronchiolar smooth muscle to respond appropriately to bronchodilating agents
B. Permanent hyperplasia of bronchial epithelial cells with resultant airway narrow-ing
C. Progression to emphysema
D. Progression to lung cancer
B
When asthma is not well controlled, the presence of chronic inflammation can lead to damage and hyperplasia of the bronchial epithelial cells and of the bronchial smooth muscle. In addition, when asthma attacks are more frequent, exposure even to reduced levels of the triggering agent or event will stimulate an attack.
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When teaching the client with gastritis, the nurse should include which of these instructions?
a. "Avoid eating at bedtime." b. "Drink as much decaffeinated tea and coffee as you like." c. "Drink only milk products and antacids until the pain subsides." d. "Eat anything you want as long as you take your medications on time."
The client is receiving a vesicant antineoplastic for treatment of cancer. Which assessment finding would require the nurse to take immediate action?
A) Extravasation B) Stomatitis C) Nausea and vomiting D) Bone pain
A nurse is caring for a patient after hip replacement surgery. The patient has been receiving iron replacement therapy for 2 days. The nurse notes that the patient's stools appear black. The patient is pale and complains of feeling tired
The patient's heart rate is 98 beats per minute, respirations are 20 breaths per minute, and the blood pressure is 100/50 mm Hg. The nurse will contact the provider to: a. report possible gastrointestinal hemorr-hage. b. request a hemoglobin and hematocrit (H&H). c. request an order for a stool guaiac. d. suggest giving a hypertonic fluid bolus.
A client is prescribed 15 mg of flurazepam for sleep that could be repeated if the client were unable to sleep. At 0100, the client complains of inability to sleep. Should the night nurse give the client a second dose of flurazepam?
a. It is prescribed, so the nurse should administer it. b. Yes, after trying to determine why the client is unable to sleep. c. Probably no; she should wait until 4 a.m. to see if the client can sleep on his or her own. d. No, it is too late for a second dose.