The number of neutral mutations that accumulated in the genomes of two lineages can be used as a ___________to estimate how long ago they diverged.

A. mutation rate
B. molecular clock
C. phylogenetic tree
D. evolutionary ruler
E. radiometric measure


Answer: B

Biology & Microbiology

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Crossing over is __________.

A. the formation of tetrads B. the exchange of corresponding portions of homologous chromosomes C. the movement of genetic material from one chromosome to a nonhomologous chromosome D. an independent assortment of chromosomes

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The anterior pituitary receives releasing and inhibiting signals from the ____

a. hypothalamus b. posterior pituitary c. adrenal gland d. testes and ovaries e. pancreas

Biology & Microbiology

If true, which of the following would be most important in determining whether P. chromatophora's chromatophore is still an endosymbiont, or is an organelle, as the term chromatophore implies?

A) if P. chromatophora is less fit without its chromatophore than with it B) if the chromatophore is less fit without the host cercozoan than with it C) if there is ongoing metabolic cooperation between the chromatophore and the host cercozoan D) if there has been movement of genes from the chromatophore genome to the nuclear genome, such that these genes are no longer present in the chromatophore genome

Biology & Microbiology

If adenine makes up 20% of the bases in a DNA double helix, what percent of the bases is guanine?

A) 60% B) 40% C) 20% D) 30%

Biology & Microbiology