A law or policy that retains the illegal status of a drug, but imposes a penalty of a fine for possessing or using that drug is considered an example of:
a.illegalization
b.legalization
c.decriminalization
d.none of the above
c.decriminalization
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Which theory was described by James Q. Wilson and George Kelling as the "broken windows" effect?
A. Labeling theory B. Control theory C. Learning theory D. Strain theory
______ functions of the law argue the law “invites consideration” based on what is moral for a society.
a. Instrumental b. Relativist c. Consensus d. Symbolic
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. The ? level itself is never used in the formula for the confidence interval. It is simply used to help determine the critical value. 2. It can be assumed that a mean or standard deviation in a sample is an exact match to the mean or standard deviation in the population because often sample statistics are very similar, if not identical, to their corresponding population parameters. 3. A 99% confidence level would produce a confidence interval that has a greater chance than a 95% confidence level of being correct but would be wider and less precise. 4. In calculations for a confidence interval involving proportions, it is a reasonably safe bet that the z distribution can be used as long as the sample is large and contains at least five successes and at least five failures.
Which type of study attempts to account for errors in drawing a sample by measuring the same people on two or more occasions?
a. cohort study b. panel study c. trend study d. cross-sectional study