What antiepileptic classification of drugs works by stabilizing nerve membranes by influencing ionic channels in the cell membrane, thereby decreasing excitability and hyperexcitability to stimulation?
A) Hydantoins
B) Benzodiazepines
C) Valproic acid
D) Carbamazepine
A
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The hydantoins stabilize nerve membranes throughout the central nervous system directly by influencing ionic channels in the cell membrane, thereby decreasing excitability and hyperexcitability to stimulation. By decreasing conduction through nerve pathways, they reduce the tonic–clonic, muscular, and emotional responses to stimulation. Valproic acid and benzodiazepines increase gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) effects and decrease electrical activity. Carbamazepine increases GABA activity and blocks sodium and calcium channels to stop action potentials.
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