A nurse is explaining to a family member the pathophysiologic characteristic of vasogenic shock. What information should the nurse include?
a. The intravascular compartment fills beyond capacity, allowing fluid to leak out, compressing vital organs.
b. The circulating volume causes excessive constriction of the vessels, causing blood pooling.
c. Widely fluctuating blood pressures stimu-late vascular collapse, causing severe al-terations in peripheral perfusion.
d. Although the circulating volume is intact, excessive vascular dilation causes drastic drops in the blood pressure.
D
Blood pooling from dilated vessels drops the blood pressure without loss of circulating volume.
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The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic renal failure. The patient asks the nurse how his kidney disease causes hypertension. What is the nurse's best response?
A) When blood flow to the kidney is under high pressure it causes release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). B) When too much blood flows to the kidney, it causes vasodilation. C) When blood flow to the kidney declines, cells in the kidney release renin. D) Renin production converts ADH to angiotensin I in the liver.
The client comes to the emergency room with a fever, diarrhea, and general malaise. Which information obtained during assessment provides clues to the nature of this illness?
A. The client is 52 years of age. B. The client is allergic to aspirin. C. The client just returned from a 14-day trip to Asia. D. The client received a blood transfusion 12 years ago.
Which secondary skin lesion is a linear break in the skin with well-defined borders that may extend into the dermis?
1) Fissure 2) Erosion 3) Excoriation 4) Keloid
A client has been advised to take a low-dose aspirin daily for prophylaxis of adverse cardiac events. The client states, "I can't take aspirin because it upsets my stomach. Can I take ibuprofen instead?" How should the nurse respond?
1. "Ibuprofen works differently than aspirin." 2. "Ibuprofen is not safe when used with your anticoagulant therapy." 3. "Ibuprofen has no effect on blood coagulation." 4. "Taking ibuprofen will significantly increase your risk of respiratory failure."