It's a very hot summer day and Ai is sweating in her apartment. She turns on the air conditioning and right away, her apartment gets cooler. The fact that Ai is now more likely to turn on the AC when she is hot to reduce her discomfort illustrates ____.?
a. ?positive reinforcement
b. ?negative reinforcement
c. ?punishment
d. ?a penalty
ANSWER:
b
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To reject a null hypothesis for the finger tapping example in the text, we would
a. calculate the probability of that result if the null hypothesis were false. b. calculate the probability of that result if the null hypothesis were true. c. compare the probabilities of that result if the null hypothesis were true and if it were false. d. reject the null hypothesis unless that subject closely resembled normal subjects.
Compared to the earlier view of short-term memory, the current view of working memory
a. argues that memory is much more fragile. b. proposes that working memory is simply an early stage of long-term memory. c. states that information is continuously being manipulated and changed. d. suggests that the Atkinson-Shiffrin model should be supplemented by at least five additional kinds of brief memory.
Otis feels free since his recent divorce. He quit his bank job and has gone back to school to pursue a career in music performance. Otis is probably having a(n) ____.?
a. ?midlife transition b. ?crisis of generativity c. ?identity crisis d. ?peak experience
Which of the following is a key difference between clinical psychologists and counseling psychologists?
A) Clinical psychologists have a PhD and counseling psychologists have a PsyD. B) Clinical psychologists have a PsyD and counseling psychologists have a PhD. C) Clinical psychologists treat a range of psychological problems from minor to severe, whereas counseling psychologists do not typically treat people with severe disorders. D) There is no difference between the two types of psychologists.