Distinguish between active and passive continental margins
As lithospheric plates move about the planet, they converge, diverge, and slide past one another. The submerged edges of the continents, called continental margins, are greatly influenced by plate activity. Continental margins that face the edge of diverging plates are passive margins and experience very little earthquake or volcanic activity. Because of their location in tectonically-stable areas, passive margins tend to have broad, low-sloping continental shelves. Passive continental margins are primarily found surrounding the Atlantic. On the other hand, active continental margins are those found nearing the edges of convergent zones and are characterized by frequent earthquake and volcanic activity. These areas tend to have continental shelves that are narrower and less flat than those found along passive margins. Active margins are common around the Pacific; they are sometimes called Pacific-type margins.
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