Explain why molecular testing is essential not only in identifying disorders, such as cancer, but also during the course of a disease
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Unlike inherited disease, in which every nucleated cell in the body contains defective DNA, cancer results when one cell acquires genetic defects that stimulate uncontrolled cell division and tumor formation. Virtually all cancers are thought to harbor genetic defects. The specific genes that are altered in tumorigenesis are oncogenes. Oncogenes can be detected at any point during the disease and when minimal residual disease (MRD) is present. MRD refers to small numbers of leukemic cells that remain in a patient during treatment or after treatment during remission. These small numbers of cells could lead to relapse of the cancer at a later time. This is why it is vital to monitor the progress of the cancers all throughout the course of the illness as well as after the disease is in remission.
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The surgical service reported the following data for this month; calculate the postoperative infection rate, rounding to two decimal places.Number of surgical operations: 2,569Number of patients operated on: 2,563Number of postoperative infections: 12Number of postoperative deaths: 6
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
You are called for a 2-year-old boy who fell and cut his arm. While en route to the call, the dispatcher informs you that the patient has hemophilia (clotting disorder). As an EMT, you should recognize that:
A) the patient requires oxygen. B) the patient's blood is infectious. C) the bleeding may be significant. D) a mask will need to be worn.
The use of estrogen–progestin combinations for postmenopausal women is:
A. highly recommended B. extremely safe C. very controversial D. widely untested
A viral infection that can lead to chronic liver infection and can be carried by a child for years before liver failure or liver cancer develops is _______. Â
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).