The nurse is caring for a group of medical-surgical patients. Which patient is most at risk for developing an infection?
a. A patient who is in observation for chest pain
b. A patient who has been admitted with dehydration
c. A patient who is recovering from a right total hip surgery
d. A patient who has been admitted for stabilization of heart problems
ANS: C
The patient who is recovering from a right total hip surgery has a large incision from the surgery. This break in the skin increases the likelihood of infection. Any break in the integrity of the skin and mucous membranes allows pathogens to enter and exit the body. The patient has had anesthesia, which depresses the respiratory system and has the potential to decrease the expansion of alveoli and to increase the chance of infection in the respiratory system. A patient who is having chest pain, experiencing dehydration, or being admitted with heart problems does not have open incisions that break the skin; therefore, his or her infection risk is lower.
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Two nurses are having a discussion about the introduction of mandatory continuing education requirements in their state. Which of the following arguments in favor of this change is most accurate?
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The nurse is educating the family regarding general needs for adequate nutrition, rest, and physical activity. Which type of care is the nurse providing to this family?
1. Health promotion. 2. Health protections. 3. Injury prevention. 4. Illness prevention.
A 13-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital. There is no medical restriction on visitation. To help maintain the patient's social identity while hospitalized, it is most important for the nurse to encourage visits by:
1) Peers. 2) Grandparents. 3) Siblings. 4) Parents.
Ultra-rapid metabolizers of drugs may have:
1. To have dosages of drugs adjusted downward to prevent drug accumulation 2. Active drug rapidly metabolized into inactive metabolites, leading to potential therapeutic failure 3. Increased elimination of active, nonmetabolized drug 4. Slowed metabolism of a prodrug into an active drug, leading to an accumulation of prodrug