Explain why choices respond to incentives and think of three incentives to which you have responded today
What will be an ideal response?
People making rational decisions compare the marginal benefits of different actions to their marginal costs. Therefore people's choices change when their incentives, that is the marginal benefit and/or marginal cost, of the choice changes. Just as everyone else, students respond to incentives; a) A student studies because of the incentives offered by grades. b) A student is more likely to attend a class if attendance is factored into the grade. c) A student might attend a meeting of a club if the student's significant other is eager to attend the meeting.
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Refer to Figure 13.2. If Oliver's political views place him at the L4 position and George's political views place him at the C4 position, the winner of the election will be
A) Oliver Cousins. B) George Glass. C) The vote will end in a tie. D) It is uncertain who will win this election.
Which of the following statements differentiates between a shortage and a surplus?
A) A shortage occurs when price is held at the equilibrium price, but a surplus occurs when price is held above the equilibrium price. B) A shortage occurs when price is held below the equilibrium price, but a surplus occurs when price is held at the equilibrium price. C) A shortage occurs when quantity supplied exceeds quantity demanded, whereas a surplus occurs when quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied. D) A shortage occurs when quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied, whereas a surplus occurs when quantity supplied exceeds quantity demanded.
Which of the following factors has significantly increased the supply of labor in the United States since 1950?
A) an increase in the number of people who have received college degrees B) an increase in the labor force participation rate of women C) a large increase in the substitution effect as a result of higher wages D) a low birth rate and an aging population
When the expected inflation rate increases, the demand for bonds ________, the supply of bonds ________, and the interest rate ________, everything else held constant
A) increases; increases; rises B) decreases; decreases; falls C) increases; decreases; falls D) decreases; increases; rises